Disk

The disk page provides disk partition management, LVM logical volume management, SMART disk health, and RAID array status features.

Disk Management

Disk Information

The top of the page displays basic information for each disk:

• Disk Name: Such as vda, sda
• Disk Type: SSD, or the disk model in uppercase
• Size: Total disk capacity
• Partitions: Number of partitions

The disk that holds the root (/) partition is marked with a System Disk tag and cannot be initialized or have its partitions unmounted.

The system-disk guard prevents common mistakes but does not make every other disk disposable. Identify a device by model, serial number, capacity, partitions, and mount use before a destructive action.

Partition List

Each disk shows its partition information:

Column	Description
Partition Name	Partition device name, such as vda1, vda2
Size	Partition capacity
Used	Used space
Available	Available space
Usage	Usage percentage
Mount Point	Mount directory, such as /, /data
File System	File system type, such as ext4, xfs
Actions	Unmount and other operations

Mount Partition

Mount an unmounted partition to a specified directory:

• Partition: Select the partition to mount
• Mount Path: Mount directory, such as /mnt/data
• Mount Options: Mount parameters, such as defaults,noatime
• Auto Mount on Boot: Whether to write to fstab for automatic mounting on boot

Format Partition

Warning

Formatting will erase all data on the partition!

• Partition: Select the partition to format
• File System Type: ext4, ext3, xfs, or btrfs

Initialize Disk

Warning

Initialization will delete all partitions and data on the disk!

Initialize the entire disk as a single partition:

• Disk: Select the disk to initialize
• File System Type: ext4, ext3, xfs, or btrfs

After formatting or initialization, verify the partition table, filesystem type, mount point, ownership, free space, and a reboot with the intended fstab entry.

Auto Mount Configuration (fstab)

Display mount configurations in /etc/fstab:

• Device: Device name or UUID
• Mount Point: Mount directory
• File System: File system type
• Options: Mount options
• Actions: Remove configuration

LVM Management

LVM (Logical Volume Manager) provides flexible disk space management with support for dynamic partition resizing.

Physical Volume (PV)

Physical volumes are the foundation of LVM, typically a disk partition or an entire disk.

Create in dependency order: PV → VG → LV → filesystem → mount. Delete in reverse order. A PV in a VG, a VG containing an LV, or an LV that is mounted or in use must be detached from its dependent layer first.

Create Physical Volume:

1. Select device (unused partition or disk)
2. Click Create Physical Volume

Volume Group (VG)

A volume group consists of one or more physical volumes, representing a storage pool concept.

Create Volume Group:

1. Enter volume group name
2. Select physical volumes to add
3. Click Create Volume Group

Logical Volume (LV)

Logical volumes allocate space from volume groups, equivalent to traditional partitions.

Create Logical Volume:

1. Enter logical volume name
2. Select volume group
3. Set size (GB)
4. Click Create Logical Volume

Extend Logical Volume

Dynamically extend the size of a logical volume:

1. Select the logical volume to extend
2. Enter extension size (GB)
3. Check Auto Resize File System (recommended)
4. Click Extend Logical Volume

Tip

The advantage of LVM is that logical volumes can be extended online without unmounting partitions or restarting the system.

Auto Resize File System grows a supported filesystem after the LV is extended. If it is disabled or the filesystem is unsupported, the LV can be larger while the mounted filesystem still reports its old size. Verify both the LVM size and df output after expansion.

Destructive disk operations

Formatting, disk initialization, PV/VG/LV removal, and some RAID actions can permanently destroy data. Keep a tested backup and an out-of-band console. A successful dialog only confirms that the command ran; verify the filesystem, mount, data, and boot behavior afterward.

SMART

The SMART tab shows the health information of disks that support S.M.A.R.T.

Tip

SMART relies on smartctl. If it is not installed, the tab will prompt you to install smartmontools first (e.g. apt install smartmontools or dnf install smartmontools).

Select a disk to view its details across two tabs:

• Basic Info: Current temperature, health status (PASSED / FAILED), and device details such as model, serial number, firmware, capacity, interface, rotation rate, and power-on hours.
• SMART Attributes: The full attribute table. For ATA/SATA disks it lists ID, attribute, value, worst, threshold, raw value, and status; for NVMe disks it lists the health information log (such as percentage used, available spare, data units read/written, and media errors).

RAID

The RAID tab automatically detects and displays the status of RAID arrays. The following controller types are supported:

• Linux Software RAID (mdadm)
• MegaRAID (LSI/Broadcom) via storcli
• HP Smart Array via ssacli
• Adaptec via arcconf

For each array it shows the RAID level, size, strip size, state, the active/total device count, and rebuild progress (when rebuilding), along with the list of physical disks. For hardware controllers, the controller model, serial number, firmware, and cache size are also displayed.

Tip

Detecting hardware RAID requires the corresponding vendor CLI tool to be installed. If no RAID configuration is detected, the tab will indicate so.